The Final Solution in the Soviet Union (1941-1944)

Background Information

On June 22, 1941, the Germans invaded the Soviet Union, followed by Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing squads) that organized mass shootings of Jews. The “Final Solution” had begun on Soviet territory.

Einsatzgruppen, German army personnel, Hungarian troops, local militia, and even neighbors rounded up Jews, Soviet commissars, and Roma, shooting them near their homes. A major massacre occurred at Babi Yar, a ravine outside Kiev, where Einsatzgruppen shot 33,771 Jews on September 29–30, 1941, between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Nazis and their collaborators murdered approximately 1.5 million Jews in the Soviet Union; 200,000 Jews were murdered in Transnistria – part of Ukraine that Germany had given to Romania.


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Evacuation of Jews and liquidation of property
1942-01-02
Object number: 1999.A.300
Yellow star worn by Judith Aklipi
1940-01 - 1941-02-26
Object number: 1747.91
Copal (wood mallet) used by Toma Ion Radulescu
1942-1944
Object number: 1999.A.996
Auction of Jewish property
1942
Object number: 1999.A.291
Kiddush cup
Object number: 2004.A.139
Bullets
Object number: 2010.32.11.1-10
Jews forced to wear armbands
Object number: 2010.32.8
Object number: 2010.32.12.1-50
Gad (blouse) worn by Marita Radulescu
1942-1944
Object number: 1999.A.987
Blouse belonging to Rokhl and Chaya Porus
1943 - 1944
Object number: 2000.A.91
Palaria (felt hat) worn by Toma Ion Radulescu
1942-1944
Object number: 1999.A.979
Entrance rug of the Enzenberg family
1942
Object number: 1999.A.503
Xotia (skirt) worn by Marita Radulescu
1942-1944
Object number: 1999.A.985
Tefillin bag found at Ponar
07/1944 - 12/1945
Object number: 5012.89
Prayer shawl (tallit) of Berl Akkerman
ca. 1903
Object number: 2002.A.6
Dreidel
1941-1944
Object number: 2010.32.3
Dreidel
1941-1944
Object number: 2010.32.2
Zydui ne vieta jusu tarpe
1941 - 1944
Object number: 2003.A.87
Ukrainians!
1943-10-22
Object number: 2010.32.6
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