Roundups, Deportations, and Factories of Murder (1941-1944)

Background Information

In late 1941, the Nazis determined that the most efficient way to annihilate the Jews of Europe would be to gas them at death camps.

The Nazis initiated Operation Reinhard in 1941 to systematically murder Jews in the “General Government” (occupied Poland). At the Wannsee Conference in January 1942, German officials and Nazi leaders were informed of plans to gas the Jews and coordinated logistics for a Europe-wide murder operation. Throughout German-occupied Europe, Jews were rounded up by SS personnel, soldiers, police, and collaborators, then herded onto cattle cars bound for the “east” – a euphemism for the death camps – and gassed on arrival.


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Note from Feigla Schwartz Geldwerth awaiting deportation
1942-05-01 - 1942-06-15
Object number: 298.94
Postcard from the family of Zsuzska Roth
1944-06-15
Object number: 1341.91
Handwritten note from Martin Bergmann
1943-03
Object number: 1869.90
Tefillin hidden by Chaim Povrosnik
1924
Object number: 372.88
Majdanek: A Destruction Camp
1945
Object number: 657.90
Ein Besonderer Transport
1946 - 1964
Object number: 123.97
Die Vorletzte station
1946 - 1964
Object number: 126.97
Havdalah candle from Auschwitz
1944 - 1945
Object number: 2000.A.103
Blackboard
ca 1944
Object number: 89.87
Farewell letter from Westerbork
09/18/1943 - 09/20/1943
Object number: 5022.78a-c
Rosenberg family spice box
1944
Object number: 2.88
Challah cover of Rebeka Grosz
1944
Object number: 3.88
Tefillin
1944
Object number: 5061.80
Postcard from deportation train
8/15/1942
Object number: 2000.A.143
Selekcja (Selection)
Object number: 516.96
'Railroad car of Jews' by Corrado Corelli
ca. 1942
Object number: 491.96
Untitled deportation drawing
ca. 1944-1945
Object number: 48.85
Untitled deportation drawing
1944
Object number: 57.85
Untitled deportation drawing
1944
Object number: 55.85
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